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Purple Tungsten Oxide 70

Purple tungsten oxide, also known as tungsten purple oxide, is a typical tungsten oxide and an inorganic compound composed of 18 tungsten atoms and 49 oxygen atoms. It is an oxygen-vacancy tungsten oxide, appearing as a purple or blue-purple fine crystalline powder. Its English name is Purple Tungsten Oxide or Violet Tungsten Oxide (abbreviated as VTO or TVO), with a chemical formula of W??O?? or WO?.?? and a molecular weight of 227.36. Note: The oxidation state of tungsten in W??O??…

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Blue Tungsten Oxide 82

Blue tungsten oxide (BTO), a typical tungsten oxide (WO???), also known as tungsten blue oxide, is a deep blue compound with mixed valence states of tungsten (VI) and tungsten (V). It is an inorganic compound composed of 20 tungsten atoms and 58 oxygen atoms, characterized as an oxygen-deficient/vacancy tungsten oxide. Its English name is Blue Tungsten Oxide (abbreviated as BTO), with a chemical formula of WO?.?? or W??O??. Note: Depending on calcination conditions, the phase composition of blue tungsten oxide…

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What Is Molybdenum Sheet? 50

Molybdenum sheet is a thin material processed from molybdenum metal, typically ranging from 0.01 to 2 millimeters in thickness. Due to its excellent high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance, and superior mechanical properties, it is widely used in electronics, aerospace, high-temperature furnaces, and chemical industries. Molybdenum sheet can be manufactured in rectangular, circular, or custom shapes, with widths ranging from 10 to 1,000 millimeters and lengths up to 2,000 millimeters or cut to specific requirements. Molybdenum sheet has a density of 10.28…

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Tungsten Heater? 43

?As a typical representative of refractory tungsten products, tungsten heater is deep-processed products made from pure tungsten wire or doped tungsten wire. Known as “tungsten heater” in English, they generally contain over 99.95% tungsten and have diameters ranging from ?0.2–1.2 mm?. ?Physicochemical Properties? Tungsten heater exhibits the following characteristics: High melting point, high density, high strength, and high hardness. Large electrical resistivity, low vapor pressure, and low evaporation rate. Small thermal expansion coefficient, excellent high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance,…

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What Are the Differences Between Ammonium Metatungstate and Ammonium Paratungstate? 50

Ammonium metatungstate (AMT) and ammonium paratungstate (APT) are two common tungsten compounds, differing in chemical composition, physicochemical properties, applications, and production processes. I. Chemical Composition AMT: The chemical formula of AMT is typically (NH?)?H?W??O??·xH?O. It is a polytungstate with a complex anionic structure formed by 12 tungsten atoms linked via oxygen bridges, balanced by ammonium ions (NH??) to maintain charge neutrality. APT: The chemical formula of APT is generally (NH?)??W??O??·5H?O. Also a polytungstate, its anionic structure differs from AMT, with…

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The Impact of Sodium on Ammonium Metatungstate Properties 51

As a common impurity element in ammonium metatungstate (AMT), sodium primarily affects its physicochemical properties and application performance in the following ways: In the crystal structure of AMT, sodium typically exists as Na?, functioning by partially substituting NH?? within the crystal or adsorbing onto its surface. This substitution disrupts the original electrostatic balance between the Keggin-type polyoxoanion [H?W??O??]?? and cations, leading to lattice distortion and a significant reduction in the regularity of the crystal structure. From the perspective of ionic…

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What Are the Chemical Components of Ammonium Metatungstate? 33

Like ammonium paratungstate, ammonium metatungstate (AMT) is also an important tungstate, with the chemical formula (NH?)?H?W??O??·xH?O, where x typically ranges from 0 to 23. Common forms include (NH?)?H?W??O??·4H?O and (NH?)?H?W??O??·H?O. From the chemical formula, ammonium metatungstate consists of chemical components such as ammonium ions, hydrogen ions, metatungstate ions, and crystal water. Each element plays a distinct role: nitrogen and hydrogen, primarily in the form of ammonium ions, balance the charge and regulate the compound’s properties; tungsten, the core element in…

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The Impact of Aluminum on Ammonium Metatungstate Properties 47

Ammonium metatungstate (AMT) is an important intermediate product of the transition metal tungsten, with a molecular formula of H??N?O??W??, containing nitrogen, hydrogen, tungsten, and oxygen. However, in practice, besides these four elements, AMT also contains impurity elements such as Al, As, Bi, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Si, Sn, and Ti. The impact of aluminum on the properties of AMT is as follows: Impact on Appearance and Color: Small amounts of aluminum impurities generally do not…

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What Are the Characteristics of Ammonium Metatungstate? 35

Ammonium metatungstate (AMT), as an important inorganic compound, possesses unique physicochemical properties and is widely used in ceramics, textiles, and catalysts. AMT has the following characteristics: AMT typically appears as a white crystalline powder or a slightly yellowish solid, which gives it an advantage in applications requiring specific colors, such as providing a relatively pure hue when used as a ceramic colorant. AMT is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of up to 300 g/100 mL at 25°C. This…

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How Many Stages Are Involved in the Thermal Decomposition Process of Ammonium Metatungstate? 49

The thermal decomposition process of ammonium metatungstate (AMT) is a complex, multi-stage reaction involving the removal of crystal water, structural phase transitions, and the eventual formation of tungsten oxide. Specifically, the thermal decomposition of AMT can be divided into the following stages: I. Low-Temperature Crystal Water Removal Stage AMT crystals contain crystal water molecules, the content of which varies depending on the preparation method. In this stage, AMT gradually releases crystal water, forming an anhydrous AMT intermediate. Thermogravimetric (TG) curves…

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